考博英语双语阅读丨worry about sleep出自:The Guardian《卫报》

  考博英语双语阅读丨worry about sleep出自:The Guardian《卫报》

  作者:希赛网

  考博英语备考过程中,养成长期的双语阅读习惯,不仅对阅读理解有所帮助,还能潜移默化提高翻译水平,更可以锻炼英语思维,打开格局和眼界。

  好的内容,记得和博友们分享哦,下一期主题:笑果传媒脱口秀舆论事件,带给大众的思考。欢迎关注~祝愿同学们事业顺利,家庭幸福,一战成博!

  本期导读

  昨晚你睡得好吗?当很多人被问到这一问题时,回复的答案都是:不好!根据《特朗普和玛格丽特·撒切尔这样的人,他们自豪地宣称自己为了履行身上所有的职责正在通宵达旦,这可不是什么好消息:“根据多项实证研究,即使是那些每天只睡4个小时的人,也可能对身体造成心血管和代谢损伤,”卡特说。“这可能需要数年时间才能显现出来,即使他们在日常生活中表现得很好。”】

  【重点词汇】

  

  burn the midnight oil 通宵达旦
empirical /ɪmˈpɪrɪk(ə)l/ adj. 以实验为依据的

  cardiovascular /ˌkɑːdiəʊˈvæskjələ(r)/ adj. 心血管的

  metabolic /ˌmetəˈbɒlɪk/ adj. 新陈代谢的

  manifest /ˈmænɪfest/ v. 显现

  04

  [4] But when does this start to become a problem? After all, plenty of people have the odd work sprint – or a baby – and go for days, or sometimes months, without getting their regular hours in. “A random day once in a while isn’t anything to worry about,” says Dr Marie-Pierre St-Onge, director of Columbia University’s Center of Excellence for Sleep and Circadian Research. “That’s what we would describe as transient insomnia. Chronic insomnia occurs when you spend three months or more without regular sleep, and that is when I would start to be concerned.

  译文【但这什么时候开始成为一个问题呢?毕竟,很多人都有偶尔的工作冲刺——或者有了孩子——几天,有时几个月都没有正常的工作时间。哥伦比亚大学睡眠与昼夜节律研究卓越中心主任玛丽-皮埃尔·圣翁热博士说:“某天偶然出现这样的情况没什么好担心的。”“这就是我们所说的短暂性失眠。当你连续三个月或更长时间没有规律的睡眠时,就会出现慢性失眠,这就是我开始担心的时候。】

  【重点词汇】

  

  odd /ɒd/ adj. 偶尔出现的

  sprint /sprɪnt/ n. 冲刺

  random /ˈrændəm/ adj. 随机的

  circadian /sɜːˈkeɪdiən/ adj. (指24小时人或动物体内变化)昼夜节律的

  transient /ˈtrænziənt/ adj. 短暂的

  insomnia /ɪnˈsɒmniə/ n. 失眠

  chronic /ˈkrɒnɪk/ adj. 慢性的

  

  05

  [5] “One useful definition of overall sleep health is the RU-Sated framework, which assesses six key dimensions of sleep that have been consistently associated with health outcomes. These are regularity, satisfaction with sleep, alertness during waking hours, timing of sleep, sleep efficiency and sleep duration.”

  译文【“RU-Sated框架可以给整体睡眠健康下一个有用的定义,该框架评估了与健康结果始终相关的睡眠的六个关键方面。这些方面包括规律性、睡眠满意度、清醒时的警觉性、睡眠时间、睡眠效率和睡眠时间。”】

  【重点词汇】

  

  dimensions /daɪˈmenʃ(ə)n/ n. 方面

  be associated with 与……有关

  

  【长难句分析】

  

  【结构分析】

  主句:One useful definition of overall sleep health is the RU-Sated framework,

  

  非限制性定语从句:which assesses six key dimensions of sleep that have been consistently associated with health outcomes

  

  定语从句:that have been consistently associated with health outcomes

  

  06

  [6] Of course, there is a difference between not even giving yourself a chance at a good night’s sleep – browsing Netflix until 2am, say – and having a restless night. “If you are waking up a lot in the night, this will impact the quantity and quality of your sleep, which can lead to compromises in your immune system, reduction in gut health and many other detrimental side-effects,” says Christopher Barker, a personal trainer and sleep management adviser. “It may be an indicator of a sleep disorder or another underlying health condition – if you’re concerned about any of these issues, it’s worth talking to your doctor.”

  译文【当然,不给自己一个睡个好觉的机会——比如浏览网飞网站直到凌晨两点——和睡不着觉是有区别的。私人教练兼睡眠管理顾问克里斯托弗·巴克说:“如果你在晚上睡觉时经常醒来,这将影响你睡眠时长和质量,这会导致你的免疫系统受损,肠道健康下降,以及许多其他有害的副作用。”“这可能是睡眠紊乱或另一个潜在健康问题的迹象——如果你担心这些问题中的任何一个,都应该去看医生。”】

  【重点词汇】

  

  browse /braʊz/ v. 浏览

  compromise /ˈkɒmprəmaɪz/ v. (尤指因行为不是很明智)使……陷入危险

  detrimental /ˌdetrɪˈment(ə)l/ adj. 有害的

  indicator /ˈɪndɪkeɪtə(r)/ n. 迹象

  disorder /dɪsˈɔːdə(r)/ n. 紊乱
underlying /ˌʌndəˈlaɪɪŋ/ adj. 潜在的

  

  07

  【7】So what is your best bet for catching some quality Zs? Well, start during the day. “Try to expose yourself to sunlight during the day to keep your circadian rhythms on track,” says St-Onge. Physical activity can also help: “Sleep and exercise have a bidirectional relationship,” says Barker. “In a 2013 poll, participants who undertook vigorous physical activity tended to fall asleep faster, woke up less during the night and woke up feeling refreshed, compared with non-exercisers.”

  译文【那么,要想睡个好觉,最好的办法是什么呢?好吧,从白天开始。“白天尽量让自己暴露在阳光下,以保持你的昼夜节律正常,”圣翁吉说。体育活动也有帮助:“睡眠和锻炼有双向关系,”巴克说。“在2013年的一项民意调查中,与不运动的人相比,进行强有力的体育锻炼的人往往入睡更快,晚上醒得更少,醒来时感觉精神焕发。”】

  【重点词汇】

  

  catch some Zs 小睡一会儿

  bidirectional /ˌbaɪdəˈrekʃənl/ adj. 双向的

  vigorous /ˈvɪɡərəs/ adj. 强有力的(运动、活动)

  refreshed /rɪˈfreʃt/ adj. 精神焕发的

  08

  【8】When it’s time for bed, make sure you turn in at a reasonably consistent hour, and keep your sleep hygiene in shape. “You should try to keep your weekend routine within one to two hours of your weekday one, and keep them highly consistent,” says Carter. “I’d also suggest keeping your bedroom free of electronics, and keep it cool and dark. I often work with athletes, and one of the first things I ask them to do is activate their devices’ night mode, which cuts down on the emission of blue light that can impede sleep. Ideally, stay off all of your devices for an hour before bed.”

  译文【当该睡觉的时候,确保你在一个还算一致的时间上床睡觉,并保持你的睡眠卫生。卡特说:“你应该尽量把周末正常作息时间控制在工作日的一到两个小时之内,并保持高度一致。”“我还建议让你的卧室里不要有电子产品,保持凉爽和黑暗。我经常和运动员一起工作,我要求他们做的第一件事就是启动他们的设备的夜间模式,这样可以减少可能阻碍睡眠的蓝光的发射。理想情况下,睡前一个小时不要碰任何电子设备。”】

  【重点词汇】

  

  reasonably /ˈriːz(ə)nəbli/ adv. 尚可

  hygiene /ˈhaɪdʒiːn/ n. 卫生

  routine /ruːˈtiːn/ n. 正常顺序

  cut down on 减少

  impede /ɪmˈpiːd/ v. 阻碍

  09

  【9】Oh, and taking a deep breath (well, a number of them) really can work: there is evidence that it activates your parasympathetic nervous system and calms you down, making it the perfect way to wind down before bed.

  译文【哦,深呼吸(好吧,很多次深呼吸)真的有用:有证据表明,深呼吸可以激活你的副交感神经系统,让你平静下来,这是睡前放松的完美方式。】

  【重点词汇】

  

  parasympathetic /ˌpærəˌsɪmpəˈθetɪk/ adj. 复交感的

  calm down 平静下来

  wind down 放松

  一般来说,至少要精读三个月以上才能看到明显的进步,第一次读不懂没有关系,一个月读起来还是很生硬,也没有关系,你不需要一开始就很厉害,小赛会一直陪伴大家,一起进步~

  文案编辑:唐琳

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